{"id":31898,"date":"2025-07-30T10:23:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T08:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gnews.cz\/?p=31898"},"modified":"2025-08-04T10:27:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T08:27:58","slug":"otazky-a-odpovedi-cina-a-usa-se-dohodly-na-prodlouzeni-celniho-primeri-co-bude-dal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/rozhovory\/otazky-a-odpovedi-cina-a-usa-se-dohodly-na-prodlouzeni-celniho-primeri-co-bude-dal\/","title":{"rendered":"Ot\u00e1zky a odpov\u011bdi: \u010c\u00edna a USA se dohodly na prodlou\u017een\u00ed celn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed. Co bude d\u00e1l?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u0159edn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny a Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v \u00fater\u00fd uzav\u0159eli jedn\u00e1n\u00ed ve Stockholmu ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku, kter\u00e1 byla t\u0159et\u00edm kolem vrcholn\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed od kv\u011btna.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ob\u011b strany vedly podle \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho obchodn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce Li Chenggang \u201ehlubok\u00e9, up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 a konstruktivn\u00ed\u201c diskuse a dohodly se na pr\u00e1ci na prodlou\u017een\u00ed pozastaven\u00ed cel po term\u00ednu 12. srpna, v r\u00e1mci dohody o obchodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CGTN oslovila Suna Taiyi, docenta politologie na Christopher Newport University ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, a Cui Fana, profesora na University of International Business and Economics, aby poskytli sv\u00e9 post\u0159ehy. Rozhovory byly redak\u010dn\u011b upraveny pro p\u0159ehlednost a stru\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CGTN: Jak\u00e9 bylo v tomto kole jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nejz\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9ma? Objevily se n\u011bjak\u00e9 nov\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy nebo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 momenty?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sun Taiyi:<\/strong> Na povrchu se jedn\u00e1n\u00ed to\u010dila kolem obchodn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek. \u010c\u00edna a USA se dohodly na prodlou\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed v obchodn\u00edm konfliktu \u2013 \u010dekaj\u00edc\u00ed na schv\u00e1len\u00ed americk\u00fdm prezidentem Donaldem Trumpem \u2013 o dal\u0161\u00edch 90 dn\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed prostor pro potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed summit l\u00eddr\u016f na podzim. Tento v\u00fdsledek se dal o\u010dek\u00e1vat a p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke stabilizaci \u010d\u00ednsko-americk\u00fdch vztah\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po p\u0159edchoz\u00edch eskalac\u00edch cel si Trumpova administrativa uv\u011bdomila, \u017ee zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed cel na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd dovoz p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady \u2013 nejen kv\u016fli odvetn\u00fdm cl\u016fm, ale tak\u00e9 kv\u016fli mo\u017enosti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch exportn\u00edch omezen\u00ed na vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 zeminy, kter\u00e9 jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro mnoh\u00e1 americk\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed. A\u010dkoliv Trump z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 naklon\u011bn cl\u016fm, jeho administrativa nyn\u00ed p\u0159istupuje ke konfliktu s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed opatrnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cui Fan:<\/strong> Ob\u011b strany vedly hlubok\u00e9, up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e9 a konstruktivn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny n\u00e1zor\u016f na \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu ot\u00e1zek spole\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu. Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vych\u00e1zelo z konsenzu dosa\u017een\u00e9ho b\u011bhem telefonick\u00e9ho rozhovoru mezi ob\u011bma hlavami st\u00e1t\u016f dne 5. \u010dervna a navazovalo na \u017eenevsk\u00fd konsenzus a lond\u00fdnsk\u00fd r\u00e1mec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b t\u00e9mat jako cla a v\u00fdvozn\u00ed kontroly ob\u011b strany diskutovaly tak\u00e9 o makroekonomick\u00e9 politice. Ob\u011b strany ve Stockholmu pln\u011b uznaly v\u00fdznam udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stabiln\u00edch a zdrav\u00fdch hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch a obchodn\u00edch vztah\u016f mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CGTN: Ob\u011b strany se dohodly na 90denn\u00edm prodlou\u017een\u00ed pozastaven\u00fdch vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch americk\u00fdch cel a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch protiopat\u0159en\u00ed. Jak\u00fd sign\u00e1l to vys\u00edl\u00e1?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sun Taiyi:<\/strong> Tento v\u00fdsledek byl vesm\u011bs o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n. Pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 115 procent cel z obou stran bylo dosa\u017eeno u\u017e p\u0159i \u017eenevsk\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch. Lond\u00fdnsk\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u011b up\u0159esnila implementa\u010dn\u00ed detaily. Tyto kroky byly sice v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, ale nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed pokrok bude mnohem obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto prodlou\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed vyjad\u0159uje dobrou v\u016fli a trp\u011blivost obou stran a signalizuje spole\u010dnou ochotu pokra\u010dovat v hled\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav opatrn\u00e9 stability \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdm podzimn\u00edm summitem hlav st\u00e1t\u016f, k n\u011bmu\u017e m\u016f\u017ee tento v\u00fdvoj vytvo\u0159it p\u016fdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cui Fan:<\/strong> Ukazuje to, \u017ee ani jedna strana moment\u00e1ln\u011b nechce konflikt eskalovat. P\u0159esto v\u0161ak st\u00e1le existuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f. Prodlou\u017een\u00ed pozastaven\u00ed cel je snahou \u0159\u00eddit rozd\u00edly a hledat konsenzus skrze dialog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CGTN: N\u011bkter\u00e1 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u00e9dia ozna\u010dila jedn\u00e1n\u00ed za pouh\u00e9 prodlou\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed bez v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho pr\u016flomu. Jak na to reagujete a jak hodnot\u00edte vyhl\u00eddky dal\u0161\u00edho kola?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sun Taiyi:<\/strong> Nejpodstatn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e1 to, co se nestalo \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad na tchajwansk\u00e9m poli \u00fadajn\u011b Trumpova administrativa zablokovala pl\u00e1novan\u00fd mezip\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed pobyt Laje \u010cching-teho (Lai Ching-te) v New Yorku a tak\u00e9 zru\u0161ila pl\u00e1novanou sch\u016fzku Wellingtona Koo s p\u0159edstaviteli Pentagonu. Krom\u011b toho B\u00edl\u00fd d\u016fm odlo\u017eil schv\u00e1len\u00ed nov\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku zbran\u00ed pro Tchaj-wan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V technologick\u00e9 oblasti administrativa zm\u011bk\u010dila jazyk pokyn\u016f ministerstva obchodu ohledn\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010dip\u016f vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdch firmou Huawei \u2013 navzdory odporu ze strany republik\u00e1nsk\u00fdch i demokratick\u00fdch z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f. Tyto kroky ukazuj\u00ed jasnou snahu vyhnout se naru\u0161en\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Trump zjevn\u011b usiluje o setk\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm prezidentem \u2013 poprv\u00e9 od sv\u00e9ho znovuzvolen\u00ed \u2013 a je ochoten \u010delit tlaku jest\u0159\u00e1b\u016f ve Washingtonu. Tyto sign\u00e1ly mohou p\u0159isp\u011bt ke stabilizaci bilater\u00e1ln\u00edch vztah\u016f v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cui Fan:<\/strong> Tato jedn\u00e1n\u00ed narazila na hlub\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ipravila p\u016fdu pro dal\u0161\u00ed kola. V\u00fdsledek budouc\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed je zat\u00edm nejist\u00fd. Stockholmsk\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna bude chr\u00e1nit sv\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy na z\u00e1klad\u011b multilateralismu a \u017ee bude pokra\u010dovat v jedn\u00e1n\u00edch s USA na z\u00e1klad\u011b vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho respektu, rovnosti, oboustrann\u00e9ho prosp\u011bchu a win-win spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CGTN: Od \u017denevy p\u0159es Lond\u00fdn a\u017e po Stockholm \u2013 ob\u011b strany vys\u00edlaj\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed k celn\u00ed dohod\u011b a cht\u011bj\u00ed se vyhnout plnohodnotn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed v\u00e1lce?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sun Taiyi:<\/strong> Ob\u011b strany si uv\u011bdomily, \u017ee celn\u00ed v\u00e1lka by po\u0161kodila jejich ekonomiky, a \u017ee jej\u00edmu vyhnut\u00ed by mohlo b\u00fdt ku prosp\u011bchu ob\u011bma. Av\u0161ak n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed po\u017eadavky USA \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd trh, zlep\u0161en\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro americk\u00e9 firmy v \u010c\u00edn\u011b nebo pokrok v ot\u00e1zce kontroly prekurzor\u016f fentanylu \u2013 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed pro \u010c\u00ednu obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b p\u0159ijateln\u00e9. Proto i p\u0159es snahu obou stran o dohodu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 dosa\u017een\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 komplexn\u00ed dohody n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cui Fan:<\/strong> Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v \u017denev\u011b vedla ke zru\u0161en\u00ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch cel, jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v Lond\u00fdn\u011b pomohla definovat r\u00e1mec dohody a Stockholm vytvo\u0159il prostor pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed diskuzi \u2013 v\u0161e to byly konstruktivn\u00ed kroky. P\u0159es existuj\u00edc\u00ed rozd\u00edly zde st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 prostor pro spolupr\u00e1ci. \u010c\u00edna sice neuzn\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1konnost jednostrann\u00fdch americk\u00fdch cel, kter\u00e9 poru\u0161uj\u00ed pravidla WTO, ale st\u00e1le existuj\u00ed oblasti, kde lze dos\u00e1hnout porozum\u011bn\u00ed a spolupr\u00e1ce. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba p\u0159iznat, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mohou b\u00fdt dlouhodob\u00e9. \u010c\u00edna z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 trp\u011bliv\u00e1 p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 budou v souladu se spole\u010dn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CGTN: USA ned\u00e1vno podepsaly obchodn\u00ed dohody s n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edmi zem\u011bmi, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159ily nespokojenost. Jak\u00fd dopad podle v\u00e1s tyto dohody budou m\u00edt na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sun Taiyi:<\/strong> Mnoh\u00e9 ekonomiky, kter\u00e9 s USA uzav\u0159ely r\u00e1mcov\u00e9 dohody, je vykl\u00e1daj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u011b ne\u017e americk\u00e1 administrativa. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tyto dohody \u010dasto postr\u00e1daj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 mechanismy prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo \u017ee a\u017e p\u0159ijde na jejich pln\u011bn\u00ed, Trumpova administrativa u\u017e bude kon\u010dit, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se sni\u017euje v\u011brohodnost sankc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 zem\u011b rad\u011bji p\u0159ijaly kr\u00e1tkodobou \u00falevu v podob\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed cel bez spln\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech americk\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f. Pokud ale hlavn\u00ed ekonomiky aktivn\u011b neoto\u010d\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj, sv\u011bt pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b uvid\u00ed pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fastup od globalizace a obchodn\u00ed integrace, kter\u00e1 se po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce rozv\u00edjela p\u0159es p\u016fl stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cui Fan:<\/strong> Dohody \u010di r\u00e1mce mezi USA a jin\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi jsou v\u00fdsledkem jejich vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 respektujeme. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 dohoda by ale nem\u011bla b\u00fdt uzav\u0159ena na \u00fakor z\u00e1jm\u016f t\u0159et\u00edch stran a jak\u00e1koli dohoda mezi \u010dleny WTO mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v souladu s jej\u00edmi pravidly. Do budoucna by m\u011bly z\u016fstat nedot\u010deny principy nediskriminace a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dohodnut\u00fdch celn\u00edch z\u00e1vazk\u016f. Dohody, kter\u00e9 nejsou zalo\u017eeny na rovnosti, oboustrann\u00e9m prosp\u011bchu a principech WTO, nebudou dlouhodob\u011b udr\u017eiteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CMG<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159edn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 \u010c\u00edny a Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v \u00fater\u00fd uzav\u0159eli jedn\u00e1n\u00ed ve Stockholmu ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku, kter\u00e1 byla t\u0159et\u00edm kolem vrcholn\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed od…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":31899,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7,2,2973],"tags":[22,1305,18,2421,38,28],"class_list":["post-31898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomika","category-politika","category-rozhovory","category-zahranicni","tag-cina","tag-cla","tag-cmg","tag-obchod","tag-usa","tag-wto"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31898"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31898\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}