{"id":40873,"date":"2026-02-10T11:55:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T10:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gnews.cz\/?p=40873"},"modified":"2026-02-10T10:26:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T09:26:48","slug":"politika-usa-tlaci-spojence-k-hledani-vlastni-umele-inteligence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/ekonomika\/politika-usa-tlaci-spojence-k-hledani-vlastni-umele-inteligence\/","title":{"rendered":"Politika USA tla\u010d\u00ed spojence k hled\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Politika Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f postupn\u011b odrazuje jejich spojence od vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Tento trend vede k rostouc\u00edmu z\u00e1jmu o takzvanou suver\u00e9nn\u00ed AI, tedy schopnost jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k technologi\u00edm um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence bez z\u00e1vislosti na ciz\u00edch mocnostech. Tento v\u00fdvoj sice oslabuje vliv USA, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee pos\u00edlit konkurenci a podporu otev\u0159en\u00fdch technologi\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty stoj\u00ed za vznikem tranzistoru, internetu i architektury transformer\u016f, kter\u00e1 poh\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u00ed um\u011blou inteligenci. Dlouhodob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi technologick\u00e9 velmoci. P\u0159esto kroky n\u011bkolika americk\u00fdch administrativ v posledn\u00edch letech vyvolaly u mnoha zem\u00ed obavy z p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti na americk\u00fdch technologi\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sankce a exportn\u00ed omezen\u00ed vyvolaly ned\u016fv\u011bru<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V roce 2022, po rusk\u00e9 invazi na Ukrajinu, uvalily Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sankce na banky spojen\u00e9 s rusk\u00fdmi oligarchy. Vedlej\u0161\u00ed efekt t\u011bchto opat\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ak zas\u00e1hl i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 spot\u0159ebitele, kter\u00fdm byly zablokov\u00e1ny platebn\u00ed karty. Kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed koncem sv\u00e9ho mand\u00e1tu pak administrativa Joea Bidena zavedla exportn\u00ed omezen\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201eAI diffusion\u201c, kter\u00e1 omezila schopnost mnoha st\u00e1t\u016f \u2013 v\u010detn\u011b americk\u00fdch spojenc\u016f \u2013 nakupovat pokro\u010dil\u00e9 \u010dipy pro um\u011blou inteligenci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u011bhem prezidentstv\u00ed Donalda Trumpa pak politika \u201eAmerica First\u201c tento trend je\u0161t\u011b urychlila. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty zavedly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 a \u010dasto chaotick\u00e1 cla nejen v\u016f\u010di soupe\u0159\u016fm, ale i v\u016f\u010di spojenc\u016fm. Nap\u011bt\u00ed vyvolaly i v\u00fdroky o mo\u017en\u00e9m p\u0159evzet\u00ed Gr\u00f3nska nebo tvrd\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k migraci. Kritiku vyvolaly tak\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy imigra\u010dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f ICE, kter\u00e9 podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v vedly k n\u00e1siln\u00fdm incident\u016fm a smrti n\u011bkolika osob. Z\u00e1b\u011bry z\u00e1sah\u016f ICE se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily sv\u011btov\u00fdmi m\u00e9dii a podle kritik\u016f po\u0161kodily image Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, co\u017e vede n\u011bkter\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed odborn\u00edky k obav\u00e1m z cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do USA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suver\u00e9nn\u00ed AI jako strategick\u00e1 priorita<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vzhledem ke strategick\u00e9mu v\u00fdznamu um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence cht\u011bj\u00ed st\u00e1ty zajistit, aby \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed mocnost nemohla p\u0159eru\u0161it jejich p\u0159\u00edstup k t\u00e9to technologii. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto vznik\u00e1 koncept suver\u00e9nn\u00ed AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Tento pojem zat\u00edm nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b definovan\u00fd a \u00fapln\u00e1 technologick\u00e1 nez\u00e1vislost je v praxi t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e1. Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 \u010dipy pro AI jsou st\u00e1le navrhov\u00e1ny v USA a vyr\u00e1b\u011bny p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na Taiwan, zat\u00edmco velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st energetick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho hardwaru poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny. P\u0159esto roste snaha vytvo\u0159it alternativy k nejvysp\u011blej\u0161\u00edm model\u016fm americk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed OpenAI, Google a Anthropic.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b i proto rychle z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed popularitu \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 modely s otev\u0159en\u00fdmi v\u00e1hami, jako jsou DeepSeek, Qwen, Kimi nebo GLM, a to zejm\u00e9na mimo Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otev\u0159en\u00fd software jako cesta k nez\u00e1vislosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Suver\u00e9nn\u00ed AI nemus\u00ed znamenat, \u017ee si ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b vybuduje cel\u00fd technologick\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m sama. Zapojen\u00edm do glob\u00e1ln\u00ed open source komunity si st\u00e1ty mohou zajistit p\u0159\u00edstup k modern\u00edm technologi\u00edm bez nutnosti \u00fapln\u00e9 kontroly nad nimi. C\u00edlem nen\u00ed ovl\u00e1dat cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ale zabr\u00e1nit tomu, aby ho mohl ovl\u00e1dat n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Podobn\u00fd princip ji\u017e funguje u softwaru jako Linux, Python nebo PyTorch. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 zem\u011b tyto projekty pln\u011b nekontroluje, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee ostatn\u00edm zabr\u00e1nit v jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Tento trend motivuje vl\u00e1dy k v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm investic\u00edm do otev\u0159en\u00fdch model\u016f. Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty nap\u0159\u00edklad ned\u00e1vno p\u0159edstavily open source model K2 Think. Vlastn\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 modely vyv\u00edjej\u00ed tak\u00e9 Indie, Francie, Ji\u017en\u00ed Korea, \u0160v\u00fdcarsko \u010di Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie. Mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f z\u00e1rove\u0148 buduje vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed infrastrukturu nebo ji sd\u00edl\u00ed se spolehliv\u00fdmi partnery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fragmentace m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e9st v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed konkurenci<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Rostouc\u00ed ned\u016fv\u011bra mezi demokratick\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi p\u0159edstavuje negativn\u00ed trend. P\u0159esto m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt i pozitivn\u00ed dopady. Historie ukazuje, \u017ee glob\u00e1ln\u00ed technologick\u00e9 dominance mohou naru\u0161it lok\u00e1ln\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di. Zat\u00edmco Google a Bing dominuj\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9mu vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, v \u010c\u00edn\u011b usp\u011bl Baidu a v Rusku Yandex.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pokud st\u00e1ty za\u010dnou v\u00edce podporovat vlastn\u00ed technologick\u00e9 firmy, m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spektrum konkurenceschopn\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. To by mohlo zpomalit monopolizaci trhu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podpo\u0159it inovace. Pro mnoho zem\u00ed nav\u00edc p\u0159edstavuje \u00fa\u010dast v open source projektech nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak dr\u017eet krok s technologick\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Davos upozornil na zm\u011bnu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Na ned\u00e1vn\u00e9m Sv\u011btov\u00e9m ekonomick\u00e9m f\u00f3ru v Davosu zazn\u011blo od \u0159ady podnikatel\u016f i vl\u00e1dn\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f, \u017ee jejich ochota spol\u00e9hat se na americk\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 dodavatele kles\u00e1. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 s\u00edl\u00ed popt\u00e1vka po alternativ\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paradoxn\u011b tak m\u016f\u017ee politika \u201eAmerica First\u201c nakonec p\u0159isp\u011bt k \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmu glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed technologick\u00e9 diverzifikaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

deeplearning.ai<\/a>\/gnews.cz – GH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Politika Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f postupn\u011b odrazuje jejich spojence od vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed americk\u00fdch technologi\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Tento trend vede k rostouc\u00edmu z\u00e1jmu o takzvanou suver\u00e9nn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":40874,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7144,4,2973],"tags":[10357,10355,10356,2775,10218,41],"class_list":["post-40873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai-ekonomika","category-ekonomika","category-zahranicni","tag-geopolitika-ai","tag-globalni-technologicka-konkurence","tag-open-source-2","tag-openai","tag-suverenni-ai","tag-world"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40873","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40873"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40873\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40875,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40873\/revisions\/40875"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40874"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40873"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40873"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}