{"id":41380,"date":"2026-02-20T18:29:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T17:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/?p=41380"},"modified":"2026-02-20T19:01:01","modified_gmt":"2026-02-20T18:01:01","slug":"nejvyssi-soud-usa-zrusil-trumpova-globalni-cla-a-vymezil-hranice-prezidentske-moci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/neprehlednete\/nejvyssi-soud-usa-zrusil-trumpova-globalni-cla-a-vymezil-hranice-prezidentske-moci\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud USA zru\u0161il Trumpova glob\u00e1ln\u00ed cla a vymezil hranice prezidentsk\u00e9 moci"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Americk\u00fd Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud USA pom\u011brem hlas\u016f \u0161est ku t\u0159em rozhodl, \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd syst\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edch cel zaveden\u00fdch prezidentem Donald Trump byl nez\u00e1konn\u00fd. Podle informac\u00ed agentury AP News soud dosp\u011bl k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee prezident p\u0159ekro\u010dil sv\u00e9 pravomoci, kdy\u017e cla op\u0159el o z\u00e1kon o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch pravomoc\u00edch (IEEPA) z roku 1977, kter\u00fd se podle soudc\u016f na zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed dovozn\u00edch tarif\u016f nevztahuje.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9 stanovisko zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee pravomoc ur\u010dovat cla n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed podle americk\u00e9 \u00fastavy v\u00fdhradn\u011b z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00e9 moci, tedy Kongres USA. P\u0159edseda soudu <strong>John Roberts<\/strong> uvedl, \u017ee mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 pravomoci prezidentovi umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed reagovat na krizov\u00e9 situace nap\u0159\u00edklad zmrazen\u00edm majetku nebo omezen\u00edm transakc\u00ed, nikoli v\u0161ak zav\u00e1d\u011bt plo\u0161n\u00e1 obchodn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed srovnateln\u00e1 s novou dan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Agentura Reuters upozornila, \u017ee verdikt p\u0159edstavuje jednu z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch soudn\u00edch v\u00fdtek v\u016f\u010di prezidentsk\u00e9mu vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed exekutivn\u00ed moci v modern\u00ed historii Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Soud se op\u0159el tak\u00e9 o princip takzvan\u00fdch \u201ez\u00e1sadn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek\u201c, podle n\u011bho\u017e mus\u00ed m\u00edt vl\u00e1da pro ekonomicky v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jasn\u00e9 a explicitn\u00ed zmocn\u011bn\u00ed od Kongresu.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Trumpova administrativa zavedla v roce 2025 takzvan\u00e1 recipro\u010dn\u00ed cla prakticky na dovoz z v\u011bt\u0161iny sv\u011bta a prezentovala je jako n\u00e1stroj ochrany americk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed obchodn\u00edho deficitu. Podle anal\u00fdz citovan\u00fdch den\u00edkem The Guardian v\u0161ak opat\u0159en\u00ed vedla ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f americk\u00fdch firem i spot\u0159ebitel\u016f a vyvolala nap\u011bt\u00ed s obchodn\u00edmi partnery v Evrop\u011b i Asii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Ekonomov\u00e9 nyn\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed i finan\u010dn\u00ed d\u016fsledky. Reuters uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zpochybn\u011bno a\u017e kolem 175 miliard dolar\u016f vybran\u00fdch na clech, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti u\u017e zva\u017euj\u00ed \u017ealoby na jejich vr\u00e1cen\u00ed. Finan\u010dn\u00ed trhy reagovaly na rozhodnut\u00ed r\u016fstem, proto\u017ee investo\u0159i p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed obchodn\u00edch bari\u00e9r a stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed obchod.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Trump rozsudek kritizoval a nazna\u010dil, \u017ee jeho t\u00fdm hled\u00e1 alternativn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed cesty, jak \u010d\u00e1st ochrann\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed zachovat. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed experti se v\u0161ak shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b omez\u00ed mo\u017enosti budouc\u00edch prezident\u016f jednostrann\u011b zasahovat do obchodn\u00ed politiky bez souhlasu Kongresu. Verdikt tak nejen ru\u0161\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed cla, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 znovu jasn\u011b vymezuje rovnov\u00e1hu moci mezi prezidentem a z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch americk\u00e9 ekonomiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>gnews.cz &#8211; GH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Americk\u00fd Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud USA pom\u011brem hlas\u016f \u0161est ku t\u0159em rozhodl, \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd syst\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edch cel zaveden\u00fdch prezidentem Donald Trump byl nez\u00e1konn\u00fd. Podle&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":33422,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,3,2973],"tags":[4427,496,10703,10704,17,41],"class_list":["post-41380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomika","category-neprehlednete","category-zahranicni","tag-cla-usa","tag-donald-trump","tag-nejvyssi-soud-usa","tag-obchodni-politika-usa","tag-top","tag-world"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41380","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41380"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41380\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41381,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41380\/revisions\/41381"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41380"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41380"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41380"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}