{"id":7628,"date":"2024-05-24T06:08:48","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T06:08:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gnews.cz\/?p=7628"},"modified":"2024-05-24T06:08:49","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T06:08:49","slug":"nezavisly-technicky-dozor-investora-jako-prostredek-k-uspore-financi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/ekonomika\/nezavisly-technicky-dozor-investora-jako-prostredek-k-uspore-financi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nez\u00e1visl\u00fd technick\u00fd dozor investora jako prost\u0159edek k\u00a0\u00faspo\u0159e financ\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

PRAHA, 23. kv\u011btna 2024 \u2013 Technick\u00fd dozor na stavb\u00e1ch je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed stavebn\u00edho procesu a jako nezbytn\u00fd a p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00fd ho vn\u00edm\u00e1 98 % dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch projek\u010dn\u00edch kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. O aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed legislativ\u011b a stavu prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed stavebn\u00edho dozoru v\u00a0praxi se diskutovalo na Konferenci dozorov\u00fdch firem a investor\u016f ve stavebnictv\u00ed, kterou po\u0159\u00e1dala spole\u010dnost CEEC Research na Ministerstvu pro m\u00edstn\u00ed rozvoj.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Technick\u00fd dozor m\u00e1 zajistit, aby byl stavebn\u00ed projekt realizov\u00e1n v souladu se schv\u00e1lenou projektovou dokumentac\u00ed, technick\u00fdmi normami a p\u0159edpisy, ale zam\u011b\u0159uje se tak\u00e9 na \u017eivotnost stavby a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a kvality.
Stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon ho vy\u017eaduje u v\u0161ech staveb, kter\u00e9 jsou financov\u00e1ny z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Priv\u00e1tn\u00ed sektor vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 slu\u017eeb technick\u00e9ho dozoru investora (TID) z racion\u00e1ln\u00edch a pragmatick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f, ani\u017e by ho k\u00a0tomu nutila legislativa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Extern\u00ed vykonavatel\u00e9 stavebn\u00edho dozoru jsou \u010dasto preferov\u00e1ni, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli jejich specializovan\u00fdm znalostem, kv\u016fli nez\u00e1vislosti a schopnosti poskytovat objektivn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu v\u00fdhod, v\u010detn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvality a efektivity realizace projektu. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, intern\u00ed vykonavatel\u00e9 rozum\u00ed specifick\u00fdm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m a proces\u016fm sv\u00e9 organizace, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zlep\u0161it koordinaci a komunikaci v r\u00e1mci t\u00fdmu. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed je kombinace obou p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f, kdy extern\u00ed odborn\u00edci p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00fd pohled a intern\u00ed pracovn\u00edci zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed plynul\u00fd p\u0159enos informac\u00ed a kontinuitu projektu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eVe\u0159ejn\u00e1 spr\u00e1va by m\u011bla extern\u00ed dozory vn\u00edmat nejen jako nutnou sou\u010d\u00e1st kontroln\u00edho mechanismu, ale tak\u00e9 jako investici do dlouhodob\u00e9 udr\u017eitelnosti a funk\u010dnosti infrastruktury \u010di stavby. Stavebn\u00ed projekty financovan\u00e9 z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f maj\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd dopad na ekonomiku a spole\u010dnost, a proto je nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9, aby byly realizov\u00e1ny bez d\u016fkladn\u00e9ho a odborn\u00e9ho dohledu. Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b \u010del\u00edme v \u010cR situaci, kde nedostatek nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch dozor\u016f vede k opakovan\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm, kdy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt kr\u00e1tce po dokon\u010den\u00ed projekt\u016f prov\u00e1d\u011bny n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 opravy. Zaveden\u00ed povinn\u00fdch extern\u00edch technick\u00fdch dozor\u016f by m\u011blo b\u00fdt vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako prioritn\u00ed krok ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed transparentnosti a efektivity ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m sektoru. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup by umo\u017enil nejen p\u0159edch\u00e1zet zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm chyb\u00e1m a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm v budoucnosti, ale tak\u00e9 pos\u00edlit d\u016fv\u011bru v proces ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 k\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu stavu vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed stavebn\u00edch dozor\u016f \u0159editel CEEC Research Michal Vacek<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00a0pr\u016fzkumu vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee cel\u00e9 dv\u011b t\u0159etiny firem vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed extern\u00edho technick\u00e9ho dozoru. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm standard\u016f na stavb\u00e1ch a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm na opravy. Podle studi\u00ed Transparency International doch\u00e1z\u00ed v \u010cR k vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e korupce ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zk\u00e1ch ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u011bkter\u00fdmi z\u00e1padn\u00edmi zem\u011bmi. To je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsobeno nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm extern\u00edm dozorem. P\u0159\u00edklady jako rekonstrukce N\u00e1rodn\u00edho muzea nebo v\u00fdstavba d\u00e1lnic, kde byly po dokon\u010den\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bny z\u00e1vady, jsou d\u016fkazem nutnosti p\u0159edch\u00e1zet takov\u00fdm situac\u00edm. Nez\u00e1visl\u00fd dozor je ur\u010ditou z\u00e1rukou, \u017ee nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k neetick\u00fdm praktik\u00e1m, jako jsou \u00faplatky nebo manipulace s v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdmi \u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eP\u0159\u00ednos a p\u0159idan\u00e1 hodnota v\u00fdkonu technick\u00e9ho dozoru spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 a odborn\u00e9 kontrole, a to jak po technick\u00e9, tak i po finan\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nce. P\u0159i ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zk\u00e1ch se m\u00e1 spol\u00e9hat na tr\u017en\u00ed mechanismus nejen u projektov\u00fdch prac\u00ed a samotn\u00e9 realizaci d\u00edla, ale tak\u00e9 u nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 kontroln\u00ed a dohledov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petr Such\u00e1nek<\/strong>, technick\u00fd \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti INFRAM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch projektov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edho technick\u00e9ho dozoru spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0kvalit\u011b realizace, v\u00a0zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1jm\u016f investora, co\u017e \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s\u00a0kontrolou n\u00e1klad\u016f, d\u00e1le v\u00a0transparentnosti a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak\u00e9 v\u00fdhody plynou z\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00ed extern\u00edch TDI:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V mnoha zem\u00edch je standardem, \u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 projekty jsou pod neust\u00e1l\u00fdm dohledem nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch extern\u00edch supervizor\u016f. N\u00e1klady na nez\u00e1visl\u00fd dozor vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako investic\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se dlouhodob\u011b vypl\u00e1c\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee zaji\u0161\u0165uje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvalitu a efektivitu v\u00fdstavby. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v USA, Kanad\u011b, Austr\u00e1lii, a mnoha zem\u00edch EU jsou extern\u00ed dozory standardn\u00ed prax\u00ed u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch staveb.
Statistiky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 investuj\u00ed do nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho dozoru, maj\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na \u00fadr\u017ebu a opravy infrastruktury. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, podle Sv\u011btov\u00e9 banky, mohou preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed v podob\u011b kvalitn\u00edho dozoru u\u0161et\u0159it a\u017e 20-30 % n\u00e1klad\u016f spojen\u00fdch s n\u00e1slednou \u00fadr\u017ebou a opravami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle v\u00fdsledk\u016f pr\u016fzkumu spole\u010dnosti CEEC Research by nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos v oblasti technick\u00fdch dozor\u016f p\u0159inesly tak\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed legislativn\u00ed zm\u011bny:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b digitalizace proces\u016f. Digitalizace p\u0159edstavuje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd krok k modernizaci a zefektivn\u011bn\u00ed technick\u00fdch dozor\u016f. Zaveden\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f by umo\u017enilo lep\u0161\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed dokumentace v\u0161ech f\u00e1z\u00ed stavebn\u00edho procesu, co\u017e by vedlo k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed transparentnosti a celkov\u011b ke snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edstupu k informac\u00edm. Nav\u00edc by digitalizace usnadnila komunikaci mezi v\u0161emi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami a umo\u017enila by rychlej\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e1le pr\u016fzkum uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee firmy by uv\u00edtaly tak\u00e9 zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnosti, tzn. \u017ee technick\u00e9 dozory by m\u011bly b\u00fdt v\u00edce odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za kvalitu a bezpe\u010dnost stavebn\u00edch projekt\u016f. To by mohlo zahrnovat p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sankce za nedodr\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f a standard\u016f, co\u017e by motivovalo stavebn\u00ed dozory k pe\u010dliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed celkov\u00e9 kvality staveb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaveden\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kvalifika\u010dn\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed by zajistilo, \u017ee technick\u00e9 dozory budou m\u00edt odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed odborn\u00e9 znalosti a zku\u0161enosti. To by mohlo zahrnovat povinn\u00e9 certifikace a pravideln\u00e1 \u0161kolen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by zaji\u0161\u0165ovala, \u017ee technick\u00e9 dozory jsou v\u017edy obezn\u00e1meni s nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi technologiemi a postupy v oboru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaveden\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho dozoru na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch stavebn\u00edch projektech v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice by mohlo v\u00e9st k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed celkov\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f, zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed transparentnosti ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(za)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PRAHA, 23. kv\u011btna 2024 \u2013 Technick\u00fd dozor na stavb\u00e1ch je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed stavebn\u00edho procesu a jako nezbytn\u00fd a p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00fd ho vn\u00edm\u00e1 98…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[746,93,747,709],"class_list":["post-7628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomika","tag-ceec-research","tag-finance","tag-ministerstvo-pro-mistni-rozvoj","tag-stavebnictvi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7628"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7628\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gnews.cz\/cs_cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}