KYIV/WARSAW – Relations between Poland and Ukraine have been marked by new diplomatic tensions in recent days. According to statements from individuals associated with former Ukrainian presidents, the former heads of state have decided to return their Polish state decorations in protest against what is alleged to be a decision by Polish President Karol Nawrocki to withdraw the highest Polish honor, the Order of the White Eagle, from Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

Former Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma was the first to announce his action. The information was released by Darka Oliferova, the press secretary of his foundation. In his statement, Kuchma emphasized the importance of the previous cooperation between the two countries, especially after the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. "The true friendship between Ukraine and Poland has become a reality. Its confirmation is the invaluable assistance that Poland has provided to Ukraine," Kuchma said. At the same time, he added that he perceives the Polish president's move as hostile and, under the circumstances, decided to return the highest Polish honor.

Shortly thereafter, another former Ukrainian president, Viktor Yushchenko, also announced a similar decision, deciding to renounce the Order of the White Eagle, which was awarded to him in the past for his contribution to the development of Polish-Ukrainian relations. The case has sparked a wide discussion in both Poland and Ukraine. Some commentators point out that the relations between the two countries have long been burdened by historical disputes, primarily differing views on events of World War II and the activities of some Ukrainian nationalist organizations.

A particularly sensitive issue remains the assessment of the activities of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). While in Poland, some of their actions, especially the massacres of the Polish population in Volhynia, are seen as a tragic chapter in history, in Ukraine, some representatives of these movements are considered by part of society as symbols of the struggle for independence. Despite the current disputes, Poland remains one of the most important allies of Ukraine in terms of military, humanitarian, and political support. Analysts warn that any further deterioration in relations could negatively affect the close cooperation between the two countries.

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